LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N4Grammar, one piece at a time · Sep 17, 2026

初はじめて, 最初さいしょに, 始はじめて: three words for "first," and only one is about doing it for the first time

初はじめて (はじめて) means "for the first time in my life." 最初さいしょに (さいしょに) means "first, ahead of the other steps." 始はじめて looks identical in kana and is just the te-form of 始はじめる ("to begin"). Three words, one reading, and English translates all of them as some version of "first."

This is a set that trips up learners at exactly the moment they start writing rather than speaking, because the difference between 初はじめて and 始はじめて is invisible in kana and decisive in kanji.

The basics

初はじめて: the first time ever

初はじめて日本にほんに行いきました。 — I went to Japan for the first time. (polite — in my life) 初はじめまして。 — Nice to meet you. (polite — literally "for the first time")

初はじめて marks a genuine first occurrence. It says this has never happened before, which is why 初はじめまして is the greeting for meeting someone: it is announcing that this is the first time.

The kanji in 初はじめて also turns up in 最初さいしょ (さいしょ, the very first) and 初日しょにち (しょにち, opening day), which is a useful hint that all three are about beginnings.

最初さいしょに: first in a sequence

最初さいしょに手てを洗あらってください。 — First, wash your hands. (polite — before the other steps) 最初さいしょは難むずかしかったです。 — It was difficult at first. (polite — in the early period) 今回こんかいが初はじめてです。次回じかいはもっと上手じょうずにできます。 — This is my first time. Next time I'll do better. (polite — 今回こんかい "this time" and 次回じかい "next time" often sit next to 初はじめて)

最初さいしょに is about order, not novelty. It answers "which comes first?" rather than "have you done this before?" You can do something 最初さいしょに every single day.

Note the two forms: 最初さいしょに for "first, do this" and 最初さいしょは for "at first, it was like this." The particle changes what the sentence is doing — に orders a sequence, は contrasts an early period with a later one.

始はじめて: not a word for "first"

勉強べんきょうを始はじめて、三年さんねんになります。 — It's been three years since I started studying. (polite)

始はじめて is simply 始はじめる ("to begin") in te-form. It means "having begun," and it appears in sentences about starting things. In kana both are はじめて, which is why the kanji matters: 初はじめて日本語にほんごを勉強べんきょうしました means "I studied Japanese for the first time," while 始はじめて日本語にほんごを勉強べんきょうしました is not a sentence anyone would write.

Beyond the basics

初はじめて vs 初はじめは

初はじめて会あいました。 — I met them for the first time. (polite — the event) 初はじめは分わかりませんでした。 — At first I didn't understand. (polite — the early period)

初はじめ (はじめ) without the て is a noun meaning "the beginning," and 初はじめは works like 最初さいしょは. In practice 最初さいしょは is more common in speech, and 初はじめは reads slightly more written.

初はじめての + noun

To attach 初はじめて to a noun, add の.

初はじめての海外旅行かいがいりょこうでした。 — It was my first trip abroad. (polite)

初はじめての is extremely common and worth having as a chunk: 初はじめての日本にほん, 初はじめてのライブ, 初はじめての一人暮ひとりぐらし. Without the の it cannot modify a noun, in the same way 〜からの and 〜までの need theirs.

最初さいしょ and 最後さいご as a pair

最初さいしょ (first) and 最後さいご (last) are opposites and appear together constantly.

最初さいしょから最後さいごまで見みました。 — I watched it from beginning to end. (polite)

最初さいしょから最後さいごまで is a fixed phrase and one of the most useful applications of the から〜まで frame. 最後さいご also gives 最後さいごに ("lastly"), the natural partner of 最初さいしょに when listing steps.

まず: the other "first"

まず means "first of all" and is what people actually say when giving instructions.

まず、お湯ゆを沸わかします。 — First, boil the water. (polite)

まず and 最初さいしょに overlap almost completely. まず is shorter and more common in spoken instructions; 最初さいしょに is slightly more explicit about position in a sequence. Recipes and instructions use both.

〜のは初はじめてです: the sentence pattern

日本にほんに来きたのは初はじめてです。 — This is my first time coming to Japan. (polite)

This is the frame for "it's my first time doing X." Nominalize the clause with の, mark it with は, and finish with 初はじめてです. It is more natural than 初はじめて日本にほんに来きました when you are answering a question about whether you have been before.

For which nominalizer to use, こと vs の covers the split — here it has to be の.

Common mistakes

  • Writing 始はじめて for 初はじめて. In kana they are identical; in kanji they are different words — 初はじめて for "first time," 始はじめる for "begin."
  • Using 初はじめて for a sequence. 初はじめて手てを洗あらってください means "wash your hands for the first time in your life." The instruction word is まず or 最初さいしょに.
  • Using 最初さいしょに for a life-first. 最初さいしょに日本にほんに行いきました says it was the first stop on a trip, not the first time in your life.
  • Dropping the の in 初はじめての. 初はじめて海外旅行かいがいりょこう is incomplete; it is 初はじめての海外旅行かいがいりょこう.
  • Confusing 最初さいしょは and 最初さいしょに. は contrasts an early period with what came later; に orders a step.
  • Forgetting that 初はじめまして contains 初はじめて. Seeing the connection makes the greeting stop being an arbitrary formula.

Which "first" do I want?

You mean Word Example
For the first time ever 初はじめて 初はじめて日本にほんに行いきました
My first ~ (noun) 初はじめての + noun 初はじめての海外旅行かいがいりょこう
It's my first time doing X 〜のは初はじめてです 来きたのは初はじめてです
First, before other steps 最初さいしょに / まず 最初さいしょに手てを洗あらってください
At first (early period) 最初さいしょは / 初はじめは 最初さいしょは難むずかしかったです
From beginning to end 最初さいしょから最後さいごまで 最初さいしょから最後さいごまで見みました
Having begun 始はじめて (te-form of 始はじめる) 勉強べんきょうを始はじめて三年さんねん

Practice

Questions 1 and 2 are the pair: novelty versus order, and using the wrong one changes the sentence completely.

1. Say "I went to Japan for the first time in my life."

Show answer

初はじめて日本にほんに行いきました。 — 初はじめて marks a genuine first occurrence.

2. Give an instruction: "first, wash your hands."

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最初さいしょに手てを洗あらってください。 — Or まず手てを洗あらってください. 初はじめて here would mean "for the first time in your life."

3. Say "it was difficult at first," politely.

Show answer

最初さいしょは難むずかしかったです。 — は contrasts the early period with how it is now.

4. Say "it was my first trip abroad."

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初はじめての海外旅行かいがいりょこうでした。 — The の is required to attach 初はじめて to a noun.

5. Answer "have you been to Japan before?" with "this is my first time."

Show answer

日本にほんに来きたのは初はじめてです。 — Nominalize with の, mark with は, finish with 初はじめてです.

6. Say "it's been three years since I started studying."

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勉強べんきょうを始はじめて、三年さんねんになります。 — 始はじめて is the te-form of 始はじめる, not a word for "first."

7. Say "I watched it from beginning to end."

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最初さいしょから最後さいごまで見みました。 — A fixed phrase, and a neat application of から〜まで.

8. Give a cooking instruction: "first, boil the water."

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まず、お湯ゆを沸わかします。 — まず is what people actually say in spoken instructions.

9. Fix this: 初はじめて海外旅行かいがいりょこうでした。

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初はじめての海外旅行かいがいりょこうでした。 — Attaching 初はじめて to a noun requires の.

10. How is はじめまして written in kanji, and why?

Show answer

「初はじめまして」 — It is 初はじめて: the greeting announces that this is the first time you have met.

FAQ

Is 初はじめまして usually written in kanji? Often it is written in kana, especially in messages. Both are fine. Knowing the kanji is useful because it explains what the phrase actually says.

Is まず or 最初さいしょに better in instructions? まず in speech, and either in writing. Recipes use both, sometimes in the same paragraph. まず is shorter and slightly warmer.

What is the difference between 最初さいしょ and 初はじめ? They overlap heavily. 最初さいしょ is more definite ("the very first"), 初はじめ is softer ("the beginning, the early part"). 最初さいしょは and 初はじめは mean the same thing in practice.

Can 初はじめて be used about someone else? Yes: 彼かれは初はじめて日本にほんに来きました ("he came to Japan for the first time"). It is not restricted to the speaker.

How do I say "the first time I ~"? 初はじめて〜た時とき — 初はじめて日本にほんに行いった時とき ("when I first went to Japan"). This combines 初はじめて with 〜とき.

Is there a word for "the last time"? 最後さいごに for "lastly" in a sequence, and 前回ぜんかい (ぜんかい) for "last time" as in the previous occasion. They are not interchangeable: 前回ぜんかい会あった時とき is "when we met last time."

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

初めて	はじめて — for the first time
初めまして	はじめまして — nice to meet you
初め	はじめ — the beginning
始める	はじめる — to begin
最初	さいしょ — the very first
最後	さいご — the last
まず	まず — first of all
前回	ぜんかい — last time, the previous occasion
今回	こんかい — this time
次回	じかい — next time
海外	かいがい — overseas
旅行	りょこう — travel
洗う	あらう — to wash
沸かす	わかす — to boil
お湯	おゆ — hot water
初日	しょにち — opening day
一人暮らし	ひとりぐらし — living alone
難しい	むずかしい — difficult

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime. This set stays invisible until someone starts typing — in speech nobody can tell, and the first time a student writes 始はじめて日本にほんに行いきました the whole distinction suddenly becomes worth ten minutes.

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Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N4

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