LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N4Grammar, one piece at a time · Sep 24, 2026

How do you say "remember" in Japanese? 覚おぼえる, 覚おぼえている and 思い出おもいだす

English "remember" covers three different moments, and Japanese gives each its own verb: 覚おぼえる is putting something into memory, 覚おぼえている is still having it there, and 思い出おもいだす is pulling it back out after it slipped away. 単語たんごを覚おぼえる (learn the words), 名前なまえを覚おぼえている (I remember the name), 名前なまえを思い出おもいだした (the name came back to me).

Most learner mistakes here come from translating "I remember" as 覚おぼえます. That actually means "I will memorize it," which is rarely what you meant.

The basics

What does 覚おぼえる mean?

覚おぼえる (おぼえる) is the act of getting something into your head: to memorize, to learn, to pick up. It is an action with a beginning and an end.

毎日まいにち、漢字かんじを五いつつ覚おぼえます。 — I learn five kanji every day. (memorizing as a routine) 新あたらしい仕事しごとを早はやく覚おぼえたい。 — I want to learn the new job quickly. (picking up how to do it) この歌うた、すぐ覚おぼえちゃった。 — I picked up this song straight away. (casual)

The plain present 覚おぼえる / 覚おぼえます is therefore future or habit: "I will memorize" or "I memorize (regularly)."

What does 覚おぼえている mean?

覚おぼえている is "I remember" in the sense English speakers usually mean: the memory is there right now. It is the ている form of 覚おぼえる — "having memorized, and still in that state."

あの日にちのこと、よく覚おぼえている。 — I remember that day well. (the memory is still there) 私わたしの名前なまえ、覚おぼえてる? — Do you remember my name? (casual) すみません、覚おぼえていません。 — Sorry, I don't remember. (polite)

This is the form to reach for when someone asks "do you remember…?" It works exactly like other state verbs in ている; the ている form covers why.

What does 思い出おもいだす mean?

思い出おもいだす (おもいだす) is "to recall": the moment something you had forgotten comes back. 思おもい ("thought") + 出だす ("take out") — you pull the memory out.

やっと彼かの名前なまえを思い出おもいだした。 — I finally remembered his name. (it came back) この曲きょくを聞きくと、子こどもの頃ごろを思い出おもいだす。 — This song reminds me of my childhood. (triggered memory) パスワードが思い出おもいだせない。 — I can't remember my password. (can't bring it back)

The last example is the useful one: "I can't remember" in the sense of "it won't come to me" is 思い出おもいだせない, the potential form of 思い出おもいだす.

Side by side

Verb Moment English Example
覚おぼえる Putting it in memorize, learn 単語たんごを覚おぼえる
覚おぼえている Having it there remember (still) 名前なまえを覚おぼえている
覚おぼえていない Not having it don't remember (at all) 何なにも覚おぼえていない
思い出おもいだす Pulling it back out recall, come back to you やっと思い出おもいだした
思い出おもいだせない Can't pull it out can't remember right now 名前なまえが思い出おもいだせない

Beyond the basics

What is the difference between 覚おぼえていない and 思い出おもいだせない?

Both translate as "I don't remember," but they mean different things. 覚おぼえていない says the memory is not there — you may never have stored it. 思い出おもいだせない says it is in there somewhere and will not come out.

子こどもの頃ごろのことは、あまり覚おぼえていない。 — I don't remember much from when I was little. (not stored, or long gone) 顔かおは覚おぼえているけど、名前なまえが思い出おもいだせない。 — I remember the face, but the name won't come. (on the tip of your tongue)

The second sentence uses both verbs, and it is exactly the situation where English would say "I remember his face but I can't remember his name."

How do you say "remind"?

Japanese has no single verb for "remind." The usual pattern is the thing + を思い出おもいだす, or 思い出おもいださせる (to make someone recall).

この写真しゃしんを見みると、旅行りょこうを思い出おもいだす。 — This photo reminds me of the trip. (the photo triggers it) 明日あした、会議かいぎがあることを思い出おもいださせてください。 — Please remind me there's a meeting tomorrow. (ask someone to remind you)

The と in 見みると is the "whenever" conditional, covered in たら, ば, と and なら. For a practical reminder, most people just say 明日あした教おしえてください or ask for a message. 思い出おもいださせる sounds a little formal in daily speech.

How do you say "don't forget" and "remember to"?

"Remember to…" is usually said the other way round in Japanese: "don't forget to…," with 忘わすれる.

傘かさを持もっていくのを忘わすれないでね。 — Remember to take an umbrella. (literally: don't forget) 忘わすれずに連絡れんらくしてください。 — Please remember to get in touch. (polite, a little formal)

Trying to build this with 覚おぼえる sounds odd: 傘かさを覚おぼえて would mean "memorize the umbrella."

How does it sound in anime?

覚おぼえてろ! is the classic villain's parting line — "You'll remember this!" or "You haven't seen the last of me!" It is the rough command form of 覚おぼえている, literally "keep this in memory." 思い出おもいだした! is the other favourite: the moment a character recovers a lost memory, usually right before a flashback.

In casual speech, 覚おぼえている shrinks to 覚おぼえてる, and 思い出おもいだした often becomes a quick あ、思い出おもいだした — "oh, right, now I remember."

Common mistakes

  • Saying 覚おぼえます for "I remember." It means "I will memorize." For "I remember," say 覚おぼえています.
  • Saying 覚おぼえない for "I don't remember." It means "I won't memorize" or "I can't learn it." Use 覚おぼえていない or 思い出おもいだせない.
  • Using 覚おぼえる for "remind." Use 〜を思い出おもいだす or 思い出おもいださせる.
  • Using 思い出おもいだす for learning. 単語たんごを思い出おもいだす is recalling words you once knew; learning new words is 覚おぼえる.
  • Building "remember to" with 覚おぼえる. Japanese says "don't forget": 忘わすれないで.
  • Mixing 覚おぼえていない and 思い出おもいだせない. One is "not there," the other is "won't come out." Pick by whether you think the memory exists.

Practice

Answers are hidden — build yours first, then open. Questions 1 to 3 are a set: the same name at three moments.

1. You are learning a new colleague's name. Say "I'll remember (learn) your name."

Show answer

お名前なまえを覚おぼえます — putting it into memory is 覚おぼえる. The present form is a promise about the future.

2. A week later: "I remember your name."

Show answer

お名前なまえを覚おぼえています — the memory is still there, so 覚おぼえている.

3. A year later, it takes a moment: "Ah, I remember your name now!"

Show answer

あ、お名前なまえを思い出おもいだしました — it slipped and came back, so 思い出おもいだす.

4. Say "I can't remember my password."

Show answer

パスワードが思い出おもいだせない — it is somewhere in your head but will not come out: the potential form of 思い出おもいだす.

5. Say "I don't remember anything about that night."

Show answer

その夜よるのことは何なにも覚おぼえていない — the memory is not there at all, so 覚おぼえていない.

6. Say "This song reminds me of summer."

Show answer

この曲きょくを聞きくと、夏なつを思い出おもいだす — "remind" becomes "when I hear it, I recall."

7. Tell a friend, casually: "Remember to bring your passport."

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パスポートを持もってくるのを忘わすれないでね — "remember to" is "don't forget" in Japanese.

8. Fix: 昨日きのうの話はなし、覚おぼえますか? (You mean "Do you remember what we talked about yesterday?")

Show answer

昨日きのうの話はなし、覚おぼえていますか? — 覚おぼえますか would ask if they will memorize it.

9. Say "I remember the face, but the name won't come."

Show answer

顔かおは覚おぼえているけど、名前なまえが思い出おもいだせない — both verbs in one sentence: the face is there, the name won't come out.

FAQ

Is 覚おぼえる the same as 学まなぶ or 勉強べんきょうする? No. 勉強べんきょうする and 学まなぶ are studying or learning a subject. 覚おぼえる is getting a specific thing into memory: words, a route, a song.

What does 覚おぼえてろ mean? "You'll pay for this" — the villain's command form of 覚おぼえている. Not for polite use.

Can 思い出おもいだす be used for the future? Yes: 思い出おもいだしたら教おしえて, "tell me if you remember." It refers to the moment of recalling, whenever it happens.

Is there a noun for "memory"? Several. 思い出おもいで (おもいで) is a fond memory, 記憶きおく (きおく) is memory as a faculty or a record. 楽たのしい思い出おもいで is a happy memory; 記憶きおくがない is "I have no memory of it."

Is 覚おぼえてる too casual for work? In a meeting or email, use 覚おぼえています. 覚おぼえてる is fine with friends and colleagues you speak casually with.

Why do textbooks teach 覚おぼえる as "remember"? Because the dictionary lists both meanings. In practice, "remember" is almost always 覚おぼえている or 思い出おもいだす, and 覚おぼえる on its own is "memorize."

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

覚える	おぼえる — to memorize, to learn
思い出す	おもいだす — to recall, to remember (something forgotten)
忘れる	わすれる — to forget
漢字	かんじ — kanji
単語	たんご — word, vocabulary item
歌	うた — song
名前	なまえ — name
顔	かお — face
曲	きょく — tune, piece of music
子どもの頃	こどものころ — childhood
写真	しゃしん — photo
旅行	りょこう — trip
会議	かいぎ — meeting
傘	かさ — umbrella
連絡	れんらく — contact, getting in touch
夜	よる — night
思い出	おもいで — (fond) memory
記憶	きおく — memory, recollection
勉強	べんきょう — study
学ぶ	まなぶ — to learn, to study

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime. This one comes up when a student wants to say they would like to get back the grammar they once knew — the verb they need is 思い出おもいだす, and the one they reach for is 覚おぼえる.

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Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N4

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